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					</table>Europe and Japan accounted for 28% and 24% of global patents for hydrogen production technologies between 2011 and 2020, a report by the International Energy Agency (<a href="https://www.iea.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEA</a>) has said.
Further, the report said that startups with patents cornered more than half of the $10 billion venture capital investment into hydrogen companies worldwide during this period.
Over 80% of late-stage investment in hydrogen startups during 2011-2020 went to companies that had already applied for patents in areas like electrolysis, fuel cells, or low-emission methods to produce H2 from gas.
The patenting data revealed that low-emission innovations generated over twice the International Patent Families (IPF) across all segments of the hydrogen value chain compared to the already established technologies.
Europe’s focus on manufacturing 
The European Union has focussed on both acquiring patents and strengthening manufacturing capacity. With significant advancements in the areas of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer and alkaline technologies, European chemical companies specialize in the production and handling of hydrogen from fossil fuels.
<div id="attachment_47770" style="width: 612px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-47770" class="wp-image-47770 size-full" src="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Picture1-7.png" alt="Figure 1Share of IPFs in various stages of hydrogen development (Source: IEA)" width="602" height="417" srcset="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Picture1-7.png 602w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Picture1-7-300x208.png 300w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Picture1-7-600x416.png 600w" sizes="(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px" />Share of IPFs in various stages of hydrogen development (Source: IEA)</div>
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While Germany acquired 11% of the global IPFs during 2011-2020, France acquired 6% and the Netherlands acquired 3%.
To support research, innovation, and the first industrial deployment of the hydrogen value chain in Europe, 13 European member states are <a href="https://mercomindia.com/europes-project-e5-2-billion-develop-hydrogen-chain/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">providing</a> public funding of €5.2 billion (~$5.12 billion) to unlock an additional €7 billion (~$7 billion) in private investments.
The global electrolyzer market is expected to rise from 1 GW currently to over 65 GW per year by 2030 under announced government pledges. Europe apart, Japan acquired most patents for alkaline and cutting-edge PEM technologies during 2011-2020. However, these technologies await investments in manufacturing capacity.
U.S. lagging in innovation
The U.S. led in developing PEM manufacturing capacity, but is comparatively slower in innovation, given the reduced number of patents it applied for during the period. There has been a 20% decline in IPFs in the U.S. with the country covering 20% of all hydrogen-related patents.
South Korea and China are the two other countries where patenting for electrolyzer technologies gained momentum, with heavy investments in manufacturing capacities.
The report tracks that the IPFs related to water splitting technology via non-electrolyte methods have also decreased since 2010 and represented 12% of the total IPFs published in the field of electrolysis, in 2020. Patenting in H2 production from biomass or waste increased sharply between 2007 and 2011, but has dropped significantly since then, the report found.
IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol observed, “Hydrogen from low-emissions sources can play an important role in clean energy transitions with the potential to replace fossil fuels in industries where few clean alternatives exist, like long-haul transport and fertilizer production. This study shows that innovators are responding to the need for competitive hydrogen supply chains, but also identifies areas – particularly among end-users – where more effort is required.”
Patents increase among automotive players 
Of all the segments competing to acquire a patent, automotive companies realized the importance of on-board hydrogen storage to boost the commercialization of hydrogen-powered vehicles. The
Patenting for long-distance transportation of hydrogen increased rapidly during the period, with compound average growth rates (CAGR) of 12.5% for liquid organic hydrocarbons (LOHC), and 7.8% for ammonia cracking.
In October last year, Amazon said it would <a href="https://mercomindia.com/amazon-to-invest-1-euro-billion-to-decarbonize-its-transport-network-in-europe/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">invest</a> more than €1 billion (~$973 million) until 2027 to electrify and decarbonize the transportation network across Europe.
India also approved the National Green Hydrogen Mission recently with an initial outlay of ₹197.44 billion (~$2.3 billion). The production target set by the government until 2030 is likely to <a href="https://mercomindia.com/green-hydrogen-mission-to-attract-investment-by-2030/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">leverage</a> over ₹8 trillion (~$96.5 billion) in investments while creating more than 600,000 jobs.

Europe Acquired Most Global Patents for Hydrogen Tech During 2011-20

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					</table>Solar energy has emerged as a clean, sustainable, and powerful alternative to fossil fuels. Sunlight can meet the world&#8217;s energy demands with various technologies to harvest solar energy.
The first commercial silicon solar panels were created in the 1950s. Heterojunction technology (HJT) cells, thin film cells, and perovskite solar cells are in vogue. Lower costs, low-temperature processing, excellent light absorption properties, and flexibility are all factors behind these popular technologies.
In India, cost-sensitive distribution companies expect solar tariffs to decline consistently. Modules account for the highest share of solar project costs and have the maximum impact on generation and revenues. Higher the efficiency of modules lower the balance of system costs and land requirements.
Mercom is hosting &#8216;<a href="https://mercomindia.com/event/solar-summit-2022/register/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mercom India Solar Summit 2022</a>,&#8217; an exclusive event on July 28-29 in New Delhi where key stakeholders across the solar sector will participate.
The summit will address critical issues, opportunities, and emerging trends in the industry, including the government&#8217;s push for local manufacturing and its solar installation goals, supply chain, technology, financing, and other critical issues.
In one of the sessions titled &#8216;Solar Technology Innovations Poised to Take Over the Market,&#8217; scheduled for July 29, 2022, panelists will discuss new advancements, technologies, and products that will deliver cost savings that the solar market sorely needs.
The panelists include Sishir Garemella, Head – International Business Development, <a href="https://www.pvel.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PVEL</a>; Rahul Khatri, Sales &amp; BD Leader – South Asia, <a href="https://www.dupont.com/solar-photovoltaic-materials/about-us.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DuPont Photovoltaic Solutions</a>; Honey Raza, Head – Sales India, <a href="https://www.ginlong.com/hi" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Solis</a>; and Deepak Ushadevi, MD &amp; CEO, <a href="https://ciel-et-terre.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ciel et Terre</a>. Priya Sanjay, Managing Director, Mercom India, will moderate the session.
Researchers have been innovating semiconducting materials and processes to improve the efficiency of solar cells by improving energy output. With new benchmarks routinely being set for solar cell efficiency, the cost of solar energy can only go southward.

Emerging Solar Technologies Can Improve Power Generation and Revenues

Here are some noteworthy cleantech announcements of the day from around the world:
<a href="https://renewpower.in/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ReNew Power</a> has commissioned a 300 MW of wind power project in Kutch, Gujarat. The project was awarded to ReNew’s operating subsidiary, ReNew Wind Energy, in a competitive e-reverse auction conducted by the Solar Energy Corporation of India. The 300 MW project would provide clean power to Haryana and Orrisa at ₹2.44 (~$0.034)/kWh.
Power Exchange India Limited (PXIL) has <a href="http://www.uniindia.com/pxil-launches-green-term-ahead-market-gtam/east/news/2353819.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">launched</a> the Green-Term Ahead Market on its transaction platform on March 24, 2021. In the market, PXIL would offer trade-in two types of green-term ahead contracts – Intraday contracts and Anyday contracts – in both solar and non-solar segments. This combination of contracts would cover the delivery period beginning from a few hours up to 11 days from the trade.
PowerGrid Corporation of India has <a href="https://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachLive/4c2bab71-64b8-4cb3-b864-32237b46d951.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">acquired</a> a 74% stake in Jaypee Powergrid, a joint venture company of PowerGrid and Jaiprakash Power Ventures. With this acquisition, Jaypee Powergrid became a subsidiary of PowerGrid Corporation of India.
The U.S. Department of Energy has <a href="https://www.energy.gov/articles/doe-announces-goal-cut-solar-costs-more-half-2030" target="_blank" rel="noopener">unveiled</a> a target to cut solar energy costs by 60% within the next ten years. The department accelerated its utility-scale solar 2030 cost target by five years and set a new target of driving down the current cost of $0.046/kWh to $0.03/kWh by 2025 and $0.02/kWh by 2030.  Also, the department announced funding worth $128 million to lower costs, improve performance, and speed the deployment of solar energy technologies.
Masdar and the Government of Ethiopia have <a href="https://news.masdar.ae/en/news/2021/03/21/09/04/masdar-commits-to-support-ethiopias-solar-energy-objectives" target="_blank" rel="noopener">signed</a> a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to explore opportunities for developing solar projects with a total capacity of 500 MW and related grid infrastructure across Ethiopia. The MoU includes the development, financing, design, procurement, construction, testing, commissioning, insurance, ownership, operation and maintenance, and transfer of solar projects. The two parties intend to sign power purchase agreements and other relevant agreements later this year and commence commercial operations in 2022.
UK <a href="https://www.gov.uk/search/research-and-statistics?content_store_document_type=published_statistics&amp;keywords=solar&amp;public_timestamp%5Bfrom%5D=&amp;public_timestamp%5Bto%5D=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">added</a> 12.8 MW of rooftop solar capacity in February 2021, according to the Department of Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy of the U.K. The report said the U.K. has 13.54 GW of installed solar capacity across 1,067,733 installations. In February 2021, new solar installations in the country stood at 3,582.
Exide Technologies and EDP have <a href="https://www.exidegroup.com/en/node/50737" target="_blank" rel="noopener">commissioned</a> a solar project at Exide’s battery production facility in Castanheira do Ribatejo, Portugal. Last year, Exide introduced a solar project at its battery recycling facility in Azambuja, Portugal. Currently, the company has 4.5 MW of solar capacity across two installations in Portugal.
Here is our <a href="https://mercomindia.com/daily-news-wrap-up-turkeys-solar-increased-50/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">previous</a> daily news wrap-up.

Daily News Wrap-Up: ReNew Power Commissions a 300 MW Wind Project in Gujarat

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