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					</table><p>Researchers at the <a href="https://www.ncsu.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">North Carolina State University</a> have developed RoboMapper, a robot designed to identify new perovskite materials with enhanced stability and solar cell efficiency.</p>
<p>While perovskite materials are being studied as the potential substitute for the largely used silicon, perovskite tend to degrade when exposed to continuous intense sunlight. With an aim to maintain the stability in perovskite materials, the researchers, through their new work, enabled RoboMapper to perform experiments that could yield a range of new semiconductor materials.</p>
<p>The researchers designed their robot to make alloys using specific elements and conducted tests to identify whether an alloy was suitable for tandem solar cells.</p>
<p>The study titled ‘Sustainable Materials Acceleration Platform Reveals Stable and Efficient Wide Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskite Alloys’ was published in the journal <a href="https://www.cell.com/matter/home" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Matter</a>.</p>
<p>The researchers were looking to determine whether the alloy comes with a crystalline structure similar to that of a perovskite material and if it had a bandgap. The robot also performed experiments to understand the degradation level of the alloy when exposed to intense light.</p>
<p>Based on the encoded instructions, RoboMapper created samples of 150 varying alloy compositions and then conducted optical spectroscopy and X-ray structural assessments on these samples.</p>
<p>Using the data collected during these experiments, the researchers developed a computational model to derive a particular alloy composition that they claimed to be the best combination of desired attributes.</p>
<p>Aram Amassian, corresponding author of the paper and a professor of Materials Science and Engineering at North Carolina State University, said, “The material we identified using RoboMapper turned out to be more efficient at converting light into electricity in solar cell devices. Our conventional techniques validated the results from RoboMapper. The robot also automates the process but places dozens of samples on each chip by miniaturizing the material samples with the help of modern printing. It still performs each step of the data collection process but does so for multiple materials in parallel, saving time and energy.”</p>
<p>Environmental economist Lucía Serrano-Luján, co-author of the paper and a researcher at Rey Juan Carlos University and the Technical University of Cartagena, said, the RoboMapper’s ability to streamline the data collection process by placing dozens of materials on the same chip reduced greenhouse gas emissions tenfold.</p>
<p>In another study, scientists at the National Centre for Photovoltaic Research and Education of the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay claimed to have <a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/iit-26-efficiency-perovskite-silicon-solar-cell" target="_blank" rel="noopener">achieved</a> a record power conversion efficiency of over 26% for a 4-terminal silicon-perovskite tandem solar cell.</p>
<p>Earlier this year, researchers at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology <a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/efficiency-perovskite-silicon-tandem-solar-cells" target="_blank" rel="noopener">developed</a> a perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell with a record energy conversion efficiency of 33.2%.</p>


Researchers Develop Robot to Study Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cells


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					</table><p>In a first, California-based Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s (<a href="https://www.llnl.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">LLNL</a>) National Ignition Facility (NIF) produced more energy from fusion ignition than the laser energy used to drive it, the U.S. Department of Energy (<a href="https://www.energy.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOE</a>) said.</p>
<p>The technique in which two lighter nuclei merge to form a single heavier nucleus while releasing a large amount of energy is termed fusion. LLNL has been studying the use of lazer to induce fusion in a laboratory setting since 1960.</p>
<p>The milestone is a crucial breakthrough for a future with clean power. It will also aid research and developments in the country’s defense sector.</p>
<p>Nuclear power plants worldwide currently use fission, or the splitting of heavy atoms like uranium to release energy for electricity. On the contrary, a fusion power plant generates energy by fusing (blending/ joining) two atoms of deuterium and tritium, two isotopes of hydrogen which is the lightest element.</p>
<p>The DOE said that the discovery will provide useful insights into clean fusion energy and fuel the country’s efforts in achieving the goal of a carbon-free economy.</p>
<p>The experiment at National Ignition Facility (NIF) surpassed the fusion threshold and delivered 2.05 megajoules (MJ) of energy, yielding 3.15 MJ of fusion energy output. The DOE said that the results demonstrate a most fundamental scientific basis for inertial fusion energy (IFE).</p>
<p>LLNL Director Kim Budil said, “Crossing this threshold is the vision that has driven 60 years of dedicated pursuit— a continual process of learning, building, expanding knowledge and capability, and then finding ways to overcome the new challenges that emerged.”</p>
<p>Given the potential of IFE system in decarbonization, the DOE with the private-sector investment has restarted a coordinated IFE program in the U.S. to drive fusion commercialization.</p>
<p>U.S. Secretary of Energy Jennifer M. Granholm observed, “The Biden-Harris Administration is committed to supporting our world-class scientists—like the team at NIF—whose work will help us solve humanity’s most complex and pressing problems, like providing clean power to combat climate change and maintaining a nuclear deterrent without nuclear testing.”</p>
<p>According to the Energy Information Administration, power generated from renewable sources totaled 795 million MWh in the U.S. in 2021, <a href="https://mercomindia.com/renewable-energy-generation-surpassed-nuclear/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">surpassing</a> the 778 million MWh of electric power generated from nuclear reactors.</p>
<p>In August, the U.S. <a href="https://mercomindia.com/us-to-invest-23-billion-for-clean-energy-deployment/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">announced</a> two programs that will drive more than $23 billion in investments to expand the capacity of the power grid and deploy cheaper, cleaner energy. They include measures to save nuclear power plants from retiring, which provide the nation’s biggest share of carbon-free electricity.</p>


US Laboratory Reports Breakthrough in Nuclear Fusion Ignition


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					</table><p>China-based solar cell and module manufacturer <a href="https://www.jinkosolar.com/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jinko Solar</a> announced achieving a record maximum solar conversion efficiency of 26.1% in its 182 mm N-type module, which is Jinko&#8217;s latest TOPCon (tunnel oxide passivated contact) cell technology.</p>
<p>In a recently released statement on the development, Jinko said that the maximum solar conversion efficiency of its 182 mm N-type module reached 23.86% in the current experiment, surpassing the record of 23.53% for N-type module, also set by Jinko in July this year.</p>
<p>The module adopted Jinko&#8217;s TOPCon cell technology and advanced welding and packaging technology. It achieved a conversion efficiency of 23.86% for the first time for 2 mm square above large-size solar modules.</p>
<p>Jinko&#8217;s record efficiencies were confirmed by <a href="https://www.tuv.com/india/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TÜV Rheinland</a>, which provides a globally unique testing standard 2 PfG 2796/02.22 for the certification of building-integrated photovoltaic modules (BIPV).</p>
<p>The results achieved by Jinko using its latest TOPCon technology establish the practical foundation needed for the mass production of subsequent advanced products. The technology effectively reduces the internal resistance loss of the module while significantly improving the conversion efficiency.</p>
<p>Chief Technology Officer of Jinko Solar Hao Jin said, &#8220;We are pleased to make another breakthrough in module conversion efficiency, leveraging our accumulated experience and continuous efforts in N-type technology R&amp;D and mass production. It is both a recognition and an incentive for our R&amp;D (research and development) capabilities. We will drive industrial progress through constant technical upgrades in product structure, materials, and processes, catering to clients&#8217; demands for high-efficient and more reliable N-type products.&#8221;</p>
<p>Jinko Solar&#8217;s module shipments for the third quarter of 2022 <a href="https://mercomindia.com/increased-n-type-module-shipments-push-jinko-revenue/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">surged</a> by 160% sequentially to approximately 3 GW.</p>
<p>In another collaborative research performed last month, scientists from China, Australia, and Singapore <a href="https://mercomindia.com/topcon-solar-achieve-22-8-with-aided-atomic-deposition/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">achieved</a> a maximum power conversion efficiency of 22.8% in a 613-Watt TOPCon module with 60 cells. The teams achieved the results using a tube-type industrial plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (PEALD) technique.</p>


Jinko Solar Achieves Record Conversion Efficiency of 26.1% in N-type TOPCon Module

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